How do you fund an airport?

Inquiring minds often wonder, how does one actually fund the construction and ongoing operations of an airport? The scale of such a project begs the question of the financial mechanisms at play. Are public funds allocated through tax dollars? Are private investors attracted through lucrative incentives? Or is it a combination of both, with perhaps loans and bonds issued to finance the massive infrastructure needs? The complexity of airport financing begs for a deeper dive into the various funding strategies employed to ensure these vital transportation hubs remain operational and continually updated to meet the demands of modern travelers.