How do I find hidden devices on my network?

Finding hidden devices on your network can be a daunting task, but it's crucial to ensure your security and privacy. Here's a simple approach to uncover them: 1. Start by logging into your router's administrative dashboard. You'll need your router's IP address and, if required, a username and password. 2. Navigate to the section that lists all devices connected to your network. This could be labeled as "Attached Devices," "Connected Devices," or something similar. 3. Examine the list for any devices you don't recognize. Note their MAC addresses, device names, and IP addresses for further investigation. 4. Consider using network discovery tools or apps that can scan your network for unknown devices. These tools can often provide more detailed information than your router's dashboard. 5. Once you've identified potential hidden devices, investigate further. Consider changing your network password, implementing a firewall, or contacting your ISP for additional assistance. But my question is, how do you differentiate between a legitimate, newly connected device and a truly hidden one? Is there a way to determine if a device is there maliciously or innocently?