What is the technology behind edge computing?

Could you please elaborate on the technology that underpins edge computing? I'm curious to understand how it differs from traditional cloud computing and the advantages it offers in terms of efficiency, latency, and data privacy. How does it work in practice, and what are some of the key use cases where it's particularly beneficial? I'm also interested in knowing the challenges and limitations associated with edge computing, and how the industry is addressing them to ensure its continued growth and adoption.