How does ZAP work?

Could you elaborate on the mechanism behind ZAP's functionality? I'm curious to understand how it operates within the cryptocurrency ecosystem. Specifically, how does it facilitate transactions or what unique features does it offer that sets it apart from other digital currencies? I'm also interested in knowing about its security measures and how it ensures privacy for its users. Additionally, is there a specific blockchain technology or consensus mechanism that ZAP employs? I'd appreciate a detailed yet concise explanation to get a clear picture of how ZAP works.